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Indice |
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Introduction |
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This document describes the arquitecture of Ericsson´s PandoraBox system applied to a cell phone at a global
scale.
Ericsson´s PandoraBox system stablishes the developmental platform in which third parties can realice the “deployment” of
their applications.
The following is the main functioning of Ericsson´s PandoraBox system :
When a user dials a Pandora number on his cell phone (see ahead), This number is transferred to a Pandora Gateway serverwhich operates in
the following way:
 Obtains the user´s registration provided by the “Carrier” which attends that user´s account.
Obtains the Pandora server´s adress associated to the Pandora number dialed.
Sends a “Request” message to the Pandora server ( PANDORA HIT ).
Obtains the “Reply” message from the Pandora server.
According to the user´s preferences and capacity of the device it sends an SMS with the information given through the Pandora server.
If the user has “Hosting” capacity and the information given by the Pandora server is persistant, it sends it to the user´s
Hosting server.
Issues “billing tickets”.
The Pandora server is the place where the actions take place and it is here where third parties implement their applications.
All the information is directly associated to the “Pandora number” dialed by the user.
The following mentions some of the actions that may be processed by a Pandora server.
Obtain and store the information associated to the Pandora number dialed.
Advice to the “publisher” and call back requests ( call back).
Informs of a future event subject to “scheduling” ( event).
Informs one or more times when something happens( happenings).
Request of subscription to a contest , congress, etc
Open the gate of my house.
It is to be observed that according to point (f) , a user could implement in his home a Pandora server. The Pandora server receives from
the Pandora Gateway the following information.
User´s registration.
Date and time of the dialing.
Georeferred information.
Pandora number dialed.
The Pandora server must in first place work out if it accepts the user´s request and in that case execute the associated action to
the “Pandora number” dialed.
The Pandora server replies with a message that indicates the following:
Acceptance or rejection to the request.
Pandora objest ( see ahead) associated to the action
Persistance indicator ( indicates wether the given information can be stored)
Pandora pulses consumed for the action which has been realized
The Hosting server receives from the Pandora Gateway the following information:
User registration.
Date and time of dialing.
Pandora object to be stored.
All this functioning scheme in none transactional . This means that none of the previously mentioned servers conserve their condition or
“memory” of the initiated procedure.
The messages are put on a waiting line. This way, each message must have the user´s registration. E.g, when the Pandora Gateway realices
a “HIT” on a Pandora server, it won´t have to stay waiting for a reply. Replies from other Pandora servers may arrive at
this same time.
All the messages are processed by order of arrival and without a priority mechanism.
A Pandora server is proactive , this means that a message can be taken to a user at a determined moment. This may occur when a Pandora server
needs to notify the user of an event or happening.
In this case, the opposite to before, it is the Pandora server the one that sends the user´s registration to the adress (URL) of the
Gateway server corresponding to the Carrier that takes care of the account.
The Gateway server determines if the user is able to to receive the message , it will accept or rejects the request and will take the message
to the Gateway server from the Carrier where the user is physically found.
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Billing |
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| Ericsson´s PandoraBox system must supply an intergration mechanism to the “billing”system from the “Carrier”
and can be charged on to the user´s telephone bill.
Initially, the basic billing scheme of Ericsson´s PandoraBox system from the “Carrier´s” point of view consists
in considering that each Pandora number sent by a user is equivalent to a message (SMS) and for that stablishes a plain price rate and is
charged by the ammount of messages transferred.
The limits to this scheme consists in that it makes it too rigid and inables supplying service companies to stablish a different price rate
which corresponds to the service given.
It could be said that each Pandora server could have their own registration and billing system , by this we mean that a user can register
and pays to obtain a service or pays for credits which are to be consumed by the “hits” which will be carried out along a period
of time.
The implementation problems that service supplying companies may face are the following:
Increase costs for the service
From the user´s point of view, it makes diffivult the procedure to register for a service.
Another way of implementing a grain charging system would be to allow each Pandora server to stablish price rate for each “Hit”
on his server and in a much more precise way to charge in a different way depending on the requested service.within that server.
Observe that the reply from the Pandora Gateway server, includes the ammount of Pandora pulses that the server stablished for the “Hit”.
The problem with this scheme would be that the administrator of the Pandora server has absolute descretionary control of the price list
, this implies that the price rate for the “Hits” may increase without previous advice to the user.
Nevertheless, for those companies that need to stablish their own registring and billing system, the ammount of Pandora pulses given to
the Gateway is always 0 .
The Pandora server must be responsable for determing wether the user who realices a “Hit” is authorized or not and stablish it´s
own billing chanel.
For those companies that want to add the centralized billing system through the Carrier, should have an agreement between the supplying
company and the Carrier in order to stablish the payment plans to allow the user the consuming capacity of Pandora pulses by period of one
or more Pandora servers.
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Pandora Numbers |
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Every number dialed on a cell phone which begins with a numeral symbol (# ), is a Pandora number.
This symbol is the one that allows the central AXE distinguish between the action to open a voice chanel and send the dialed number to the Gateway
server from the Carrier.
Due to the fact that a Gateway server must find the adress of the Pandora server parting from the Pandora number dialed. This whole mechanism must work
at a global scale, it is important that each Carrier should have the ability to associate a Pandora number to a Pandora server knowing that
the number is unique and that only one Pandora server may exist for each Pandora number that is dialed.
This is done by giving each Carrier the administration of it´s own numbers according to the Telephone Number Plan for each country
and within this , the subconjunction of numbers given to the Carrier.
This way, each telephone number becomes a Potential Pandora server. The Carrier takes care of the association between a Pandora number and
a Pandora server but only for the conjunction of corresponding telephone numbers to it´s domain.
In order to reach a Pandora local server , it´s not necessary to dial a Pandora prefixed number , in the same way as for regular telephones
and mobiles, all Pandora numbers have a country code and area code. This allows any Pandora server to be reached from anywhere that the whole
number is dialed.
When a user dials a Pandora number , this number is received by the Gateway server from the operator which requests the PANGU local server
if it can work out the adress of the Pandora server , in case that it can not , it sends a higher hierarchy question to PANGU so as to work
out the adress of the Pandora server.
All the PANGU servers are found regionally distributed following a hierarchical structure.
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Sintax of the Pandora Number
#number (#(action) 0..n
The number univocally identifies a Pandora server , there may be O or n Elements of action, that is part of functioning of the Pandora server.
EXAMPLES:
| Dialed number |
Pandora Server |
Action |
| #47019167#1 |
My home |
Turns on and off the lights and alarm of my house. |
| #43119134#2344 |
Art Museum |
Saves information about a Martin Quinquela painting |
| #022346278 |
Tourism Secretary of Mar del Plata |
Saves general information about this secretary. (adress, phone number,hours) |
| #43319380#123 |
ATI (tourism company) |
Request to be called on special offers on trips to Cataratas. |
| #47111278#3 |
TicketMaster |
Advices when tickets go on sale for the next River / Boca soccer match. |
| #00119297865#11#12 |
Phone.com |
Advices on new updates on the Phone.com web page. |
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Reserved Pandora Numbers
Refers to a group of Pandora numbers of one, two and three digits reserved that have global reach , this implies that it´s meaning is
independently unique to the region and the Gateway server from the Carrier.
This numbers also implies the execution of an action and are implemented through a regional Pandora server.
| Reserved Pandora Number |
Action |
| #[country code] |
( 2 or 3 digits) country information ( embassy, national newspapers, radios, entries, etc. )
E.g;
#54 obtains information about Argentina,
#512 obtains information about Guatemala. |
| #333#[FM station] |
Access to a Pandora server of an FM radio station where the user is located. |
| #888#[TV station] |
Access to a Pandora server of an open television station (tv) of the region where the user is located |
| #436 |
GEO information( takes information of the user´s surroundings). |
| #111 |
Weather forecast |
| #911 |
Emergency call |
| #0#[ammount of pulses] |
Purchase of Pandora pulses. |
| #778#[password] |
Allows a user stablish the password to the access of Pandora Hosting. |
| #778# |
Eliminates the password from the Pandora Hosting server of the user. |
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Abreviated Pandora Number
Refers to a group of numbers of three or four digits at regional reach that are assigned to a Pandora server outside National Telephone Number
Plan.
It must be taken into account that these numbers are region dependant and not Carrier dependant.
This means that an abreviated number has the same meaning to the Carrier “AT & T” and to the “Telecom” Carrier which
operate within the same region.
To achieve this a regulation is needed which stops a Carrier to gain total control of a segment of abreviated numbers.
Some Pandora abreviated numbers can be sinonym of Pandora numbers, others, will have have their own meaning. Examples of abreviated Pandora
numbers:
| Abreviated Pandora number |
Action |
| #567 |
Access to the Pandora Server of the Prensa Libre newspaper in Guatemala. |
| #567 |
( the same number ) Access to the Pandora server which obtains information on the conditions of La Plata Buenos Aires
highway. |
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Pandora Roaming |
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When a user changes from one region to the other, Ericsson´s PandoraBox system acts in the same way that it has to
when it needs to work out the adress of a Pandora server out of it´s range of numbers assigned to the Carrier.
In this case , the Gateway of the Carrier which takes the required questions to PANGU the adress of the Gateway server where the user has
the account and sends the complete requirement.
Each time that a Pandora server must send a message to a user , it does it through the Gateway server where the user has the account. This
server, determines the operator´s MSC where the user is physically located and sends petition of sending the message.
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Pandora Objects |
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Certification given by a User's Server |
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